All the important data you need for a successful grow

1. The right temperature for growing
2. the right humidity
3. suitable pot size
4. Decisive factors in the grow
5. Light cycle/photoperiod
6. the right light
7. Distance lamp to plants
8. climatic requirements
9. Air circulation
10. Ventilation/air exchange
11. pH value
12. Phase length
13. Grow yields

1. the right temperature for growing

• When the light is off (at night), the temperature should be 16-21° C (growth + flowering).
• When the light is on (i.e. during the day), the temperature in your grow room should be between 24-26°C, both during the growing phase and during the flowering phase.
• ideal temperature in the soil/root zone: 20° C
• ideal temperature of the watering water: 22° C, not more than 25° C
• ideal temperature in the nutrient tank for hydroponic systems: 18-25° C
• ideal temperature for germinating cannabis seeds: 22-25° C
• Lower temperatures below 20° C can delay germination and too high temperatures above 30° C lead to poorer germination results. Caution with hot outdoor temperatures!
• Correct soil temperature for rooting cuttings: 25-27° C (the ambient temperature is ideally 2° C lower).
• perfect temperature for drying cannabis: 18-24° C, humidity should be 45-55%. More than 70% humidity when drying cannabis increases the risk of mould. If the temperature is above 25°C, the buds dry too quickly, which can lead to a loss of flavour and effect.

2. The right humidity in the grow room.

• 40-50% during flowering, day and night
• 60% during the growing phase, day and night
• 60-70% humidity for cuttings, if this gets higher it can easily lead to harmful fungal diseases such as Pythium and Fusarium (-> mushy stems, wilting, plant dies).

Too much humidity in the grow room, especially during flowering, can promote harmful fungal diseases and other pathogens and cause massive spreading.

3. suitable size of the plant pot:

0-2 weeks -> Root Cube or, XS pot
2-5 weeks -> pot with 10 cm diameter
6-8 weeks -> 7-8 L pot
2-3 months -> 11-15 L pot
3-8 months -> 20 L pot

• From6 months, the use of large pots or Root-Pouches or Tex-Pots with at least 35 L is recommended.

4. the decisive factors in indoor growing

A cannabis plant will only ever grow and yield according to its environmental conditions. The most important and decisive limiting factor in indoor growing is in many cases light.

• Air: temperature, humidity, Co2 and O2 content in the grow room, air exchange, air circulation

• Light: light intensity, light spectrum, lighting duration per day, correct distance of the lamp to the plants

• Water: temperature of the irrigation water/nutrient solution, pH value, EC value, oxygen content

• Nutrients: correct composition and dosage of nutrients, harmlessness, suitable for cannabis plants/cannabis fertiliser

• Planting medium/soil: good air exchange in the soil/soil, can store moisture, ph-value, composition, micro life, soil structure, cannabis soil

5. light cycles/photoperiod:

The best results are achieved with the following lighting times:

• Growing phase: 18 hours lighting (light on), 6 hours light off per day
• Flowering phase: 12 hours lighting, 12 hours light off per day
• Exposure time for mother plants and cuttings: 18-24 hours per day

6. the right light for successful growing:

• the appropriate light for the growing phase:
  LSR/fluorescent tubes, LEDs, energy-saving lamps or HD lighting (metal halide, blue spectrum (150W-400W/600W), dual sodium damper lamp.

• the ideal light for the flowering phase:
  Sodium vapour lamp (with red spectrum, 250W, 400W, 600W, 1000W), high-power LED with corresponding wattage.

-> 400W sodium vapour lamp -> sufficient for 1 sqm
-> 600W sodium vapour lamp -> sufficient for 1.20 sqm

• The top of the plants should receive at least 3000 lumens.
• provides the best light reflection: Mylar film or white glossy plastic grow film (black and white film), less good light reflection for the cannabis plants brings: Aluminium foil, mirrors and white painted walls, insufficient and uneven light distribution occurs.

7. distance of the lamp to the uppermost tips of the plants.

The distance of the topmost tips of the cannabis plants from the lamp is important. If the plants are too close to the light source, they can easily burn with hot lamps such as sodium vapour lamps, but too great a distance reduces the light output so that the plants do not find optimal conditions. Very good values for the growroom are the following:

• 250W sodium vapour lamp (NDL): at least 20cm
• 400W NDL: at least 40cm
• 600W NDL: at least 50cm
• 1000W NDL: at least 90cm

• Fluorescent tubes: about 5-10cm away, so can and should be brought close to the tops of the plants.

8. Atmospheric / climatic requirements:

• Cannabis plants need large amounts of oxygen, especially in the root zone, and large amounts of
  and large amounts of CO2, especially on the undersides of the leaves.
• Ideally, the grow room should have a CO2 content of 1500 ppm (parts per milllion) instead of the naturally present level of 400 ppm . This requires enrichment with additional CO2, especially if the temperatures tend to be higher.

9. Required air circulation:

• ideal per sqm: 1x small fan + 1 medium-sized swing fan
• for large grow rooms per lamp: at least 1x large swivel fan

Every grow room, no matter how small, needs at least one fan for air circulation. You should feel the air movement yourself in the grow room.

10. ventilation

The complete air in the grow room/grow box should be exchanged with the help of the fan within 5-10 minutes, depending on the size of the grow box. For smaller grow rooms, the exchange should take place rather faster. For this, it is necessary to use a sufficiently powerful fan depending on the size of your grow room.

11. pH value

• Ideal pH value of the water: 6.0-6.5. The same conditions that apply to the soil also apply to the water. The pH value should not be below 5.5 or above 7.0 so that the nutrients can be ideally absorbed.
• ideal pH value of soil: 6.0-6.5. If the pH value is below 5.5 or above 7.0, the nutrients cannot be absorbed quickly enough by the plants.

• Ideal pH value of the nutrient solution and the medium in hydroponic systems: 5.5-6.5. In hydroponics, the nutrients are already dissolved and available to the plants. If the pH value of the nutrient solution is above 6.5 or below 5.5, they can be absorbed less easily and deficiencies will occur.
• Cuttings root best at a pH of 5-6
• in aeroponic growing systems, cuttings do best at a pH between 5-5.5.

12. length of the individual phases:

• Clones need about 2-5 weeks growing time, some growers also send cuttings into flowering immediately after they have rooted (12 hours lighting).
• Plants from seed need about 4-7 weeks growing time, depending on variety and cultivation method.
• the flowering time of cannabis plants usually takes between 7 to 16 weeks for some sativas.

• Cannabis seeds need about 55-72 hours (depending on variety and environmental conditions) until the first white root tip appears.

13. yields in cannabis cultivation (dry buds)

The yield that can be achieved when growing cannabis indoors depends to a large extent on all environmental conditions, the variety, the cultivation method and the flowering period, and can vary accordingly.

Based on a flowering time of 65 days, one can roughly assume the following yields as a rough guide, if everything is done and observed correctly:

• with a 400W sodium vapour lamp: 250-500g
• with a 600W sodium vapour lamp: 300-700g
• with a 1000W sodium vapour lamp: 500-1200g

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